Thaum nws los txog rau cov hlau ncab, kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hlau yog yog kom ua tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom kawg, kev tsim khoom thiab tus nqi-ua hauj lwm zoo. Tus cwj pwm, cov txheej txheem sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv tshuab zaum kawg ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua cov khoom thiab nws cov khoom haum. Hauv qab no peb nthuav dav nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm cov hauv qab no:
1. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau
Cov ntaub ntawv hlau uas muaj peev xwm daws tau cov khoom lag luam hauv qab no:
Hlau thiab Hlau: suav nrog carbon hlau, hlau stainless thiab li ntawd. Hlau thiab cov hlau ua kom muaj zog zoo, hnav tsis kam thiab mob hnyav, thiab tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, tsim kho cov tsev, tsim kho cov tsev.
Aluminium Alloy: muaj kev ua tau zoo heev rau kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo corrosion tsis kam. Commonly used in areas that require weight reduction and high corrosion resistance, such as automotive, aerospace, and electronic product housings.
Tooj liab thiab tooj liab, tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob vim lawv cov hluav taws xob zoo, tab sis lawv cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob, tab sis lawv cov txheej txheem thiab lub zog yog tsawg.
Titanium alloys: nrog lub zog siab thiab corrosion tsis kam, lawv tau siv dav hauv ib lub tsev lag luam, qib siab tsheb thiab kev lag luam.
Nickel Alloy: feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kub thiab siab corrosion tsis kam, xws li roj av thiab kev lag luam siv tshuaj lom neeg.
2. Cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv hlau
a. Plasticity thiab ductility ntawm cov ntaub ntawv
Hlau ncab yog ib qho txheej txheem yeej los ntawm kev deformation yas, thiab kev sib xyaw thiab cov yas ntawm cov khoom txiav txim siab nws lub peev xwm los ua cov duab thaum lub sijhawm ncab. Cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov khoom zoo dua zoo dua yog qhov tsis tshua muaj cov kab nrib pleb lossis qhov tsis xws luag thaum lub sijhawm ncab. Cov ntaub ntawv hlau uas muaj cov hlau uas muaj xws li:
Stainless hlau 304, aluminium alloys, tooj liab alloys thiab lwm yam.
Rau qhov nrog loj ncab tob, cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev ua qauv zoo tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev thiab tsev neeg siv khoom siv feem ntau yuav tsum tau kos duab.
b. Lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv
Lub zog ntawm cov khoom ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv me me ntawm cov khoom tiav. Thaum xaiv, kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig thiab load-hwj kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov ntu yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Yog tias cov khoom kawg yuav tsum tau ua kom lub nra loj, cov khoom siv hlau nrog lub zog siab dua yuav tsum tau xaiv, xws li:
High-zog hlaus (piv txwv li, alloy alloy, cov hlau dulex) yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom siv tsheb kho, aerospace.
Titanium alloys thiab Nickel alloys yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev kub thiab siab ib puag ncig.
c. Corrosion Kuj
Lub corrosion tsis kam ntawm cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb yog tias cov khoom kawg yuav raug rau cov chaw hnyav (piv txwv li ntub dej, ntsev tsuag tsuag lossis tshuaj ib puag ncig). Rau cov ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau corrosion tsis zoo, cov kev xaiv ib txwm yog:
Cov ntaub ntawv stainless hlau (piv txwv li, 304, 316, thiab lwm yam) muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv corrosion zoo heev.
Txhuas thiab titanium alloys tseem muaj cov khoom lag luam tsis zoo thiab haum rau aerospace thiab cov khoom siv marine.
d. Luam ntawv
Lub tshuab luam ntawv ntawm cov khoom siv me me me cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam thiab tus nqi. Qee cov ntaub ntawv hlau, xws li txhuas allots thiab hlau me me, xws li cov hlau loj dua thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau ntau dua machining qhov tseeb thiab cov cuab yeej xav tau.
e. Nto Zoo
Cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qhov uas muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Aluminium alloy thiab stainless hlau feem ntau muaj cov khoom zoo dua qub, haum rau cov khoom lag luam uas yuav tsum tau pom, xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev, tsheb ncab thiab lwm yam. Hauv kev sib piv, cov khoom lag luam hlau zoo li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hlau roj carbon, tej zaum yuav xav tau cov kev kho mob cov roj carbon, feem ntau yog cov tshuaj txau ntxiv (polishing, thiab lwm yam) kom ua tiav qhov xav tau.
3. Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov ntaub ntawv hlau tsim nyog?
Muaj ob peb kauj ruam los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv cov khoom siv hlau tsim nyog:
Txhais cov cai: Firstly, txhais tau cov kev cai ua haujlwm ntawm ib feem, suav nrog kev thauj khoom nqa khoom, corrosion tsis kam, qhov hnyav, thiab lwm yam.
Soj ntsuam ib puag ncig: Xav txog cov txheej txheem ib puag ncig uas cov khoom lag luam yuav raug, xws li qhov kub thiab lwm yam tshuaj lom neeg, thiab xaiv cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom siv tsis tsim nyog.
Xav txog cov kev ua lag luam: Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem thiab ncab raws li qhov sib zog ntawm ib feem thiab ntau lawm puag ncig.
Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Nyiaj Txiag: Xaiv cov khoom siv tau nqi raws li tus nqi, cov nqi ua, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntau dua.
4. Ntsiab lus
Kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv cov hlau ncab yog ib txoj kev txiav txim siab nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog qhov hnyav ntawm ntau yam. Los ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom siv yog, nws yog qhov ua tau los txhim kho cov khoom lag luam, txo cov nqi thiab xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv, qhov ua tau zoo thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv hlau raws li kev txiav txim siab sib txawv tsim nyog tshaj plaws kom tau txais kev xav tau.
Txhais nrog Deepl.com (pub dawb version)
